Hinduism

Hinduism is a major world religion that began in South Asia. It developed over a very long time and does not have a single founder. Hinduism includes many traditions, stories, and forms of worship. People who follow Hinduism are called Hindus. Today, Hinduism is practiced mainly in India and Nepal, and also in many other parts of the world.

The history of Hinduism goes back more than 3,000 years. Early ideas are found in ancient texts called the Vedas. These texts were written in an old language called Sanskrit. The Vedas include hymns, prayers, and rituals. Over time, other important texts appeared, such as the Upanishads, which discuss ideas about the self and the universe.

Hinduism includes belief in many gods and goddesses. These are often seen as different forms of one ultimate reality. Some well-known deities include Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. Hindus may choose to worship one or more deities. Worship can take place at home or in a temple, which is a building set aside for religious activities.

Several key ideas are shared across many Hindu traditions. One idea is dharma, which means duty or proper way of living. Another idea is karma, which refers to actions and their results. Hindus also believe in samsara, the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth. The goal is to be released from this cycle, a state called moksha.

Hindu stories and teachings are often told through long poems called epics. Two important epics are the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. The Mahabharata includes a section called the Bhagavad Gita, which presents a conversation about duty and action. These stories are known across South Asia and are part of cultural life.

Hindu practices vary widely. Some Hindus perform daily prayers, while others focus on festivals, pilgrimages, or meditation. A pilgrimage is a journey to a sacred place, such as the Ganges River. Hinduism has many local customs, but shared ideas and texts connect its many forms. This diversity has shaped Hindu history and culture for thousands of years.