Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is a natural process used by plants, algae, and some bacteria to make food. It uses energy from sunlight to change simple materials into food. This process is important for life on Earth. It produces food for plants and releases oxygen into the air.

Photosynthesis mostly happens in the leaves of plants. Inside the leaves are tiny parts called chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain a green substance called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the Sun. This energy is needed to start the process of photosynthesis.

During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide from the air through small openings in their leaves. They also take in water from the soil through their roots. Using sunlight, the plant changes carbon dioxide and water into a type of sugar called glucose. Glucose is the food that the plant uses for growth and energy.

As photosynthesis continues, another substance is produced. This substance is oxygen. Oxygen is released into the air through the leaves. Most living things need oxygen to breathe. This makes photosynthesis an important source of oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere.

Photosynthesis does not happen all the time. It only occurs when light is available. At night, plants cannot perform photosynthesis because there is no sunlight. During the day, bright sunlight allows the process to work more quickly. Cloudy conditions may slow it down.

Many living things depend on photosynthesis. Plants use it to survive. Animals depend on plants for food, either directly or indirectly. Photosynthesis also helps keep a balance of gases in the air. It removes carbon dioxide and adds oxygen. This balance supports life on Earth.