ReadLittle

Munich Agreement

The Munich Agreement was a deal signed in 1938 by major European powers. It allowed Germany to take part of Czechoslovakia without war.

Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact

The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact was an agreement signed in 1939 between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. It promised that the two countries would not attack each other for a period of time.

Holodomor

The Holodomor was a large famine that took place in Soviet Ukraine in 1932 and 1933. Millions of people died during this period because of severe food shortages.

Vilnius

Vilnius is the capital city of Lithuania and one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe. It has a long history shaped by many cultures, states, and historical events.

Polish–Soviet War

The Polish–Soviet War was a military conflict fought between Poland and Soviet Russia from 1919 to 1921. It helped decide the eastern borders of the new Polish state after World War I.

Józef Piłsudski

Józef Piłsudski was a Polish political and military leader who played a central role in restoring Poland’s independence. He guided the country during its early years after World War I.

Revolutions of 1848

The Revolutions of 1848 were a series of uprisings that happened across many parts of Europe. They involved demands for political change, national rights, and social reforms.

Adam Mickiewicz

Adam Mickiewicz was a poet and writer linked to Poland and Lithuania in the 1800s. He wrote poems and stories about history, exile, and national life.

Johann Gottfried Herder

Johann Gottfried Herder was a German writer and thinker who wrote about language, culture, and history. He lived in the 1700s and influenced how people understood nations and traditions.

Monarchy

A monarchy is a system of government led by one ruler, called a monarch. The position is usually inherited within the same family over generations.

Peter the Great

Peter the Great was a Russian ruler who changed how Russia was governed and organized. He ruled from the late 1600s to the early 1700s and expanded Russia’s power.

Ivan III

Ivan III was a ruler of Moscow who greatly expanded Russian lands. He ended Mongol control and strengthened central rule.