Science

Science is the study of the natural world — everything we can see, touch, or imagine, from tiny atoms to distant stars. It is a way for humans to ask questions, make observations, and find answers through evidence. Scientists use experiments and careful thinking to understand how things work. The word ‘science’ comes from the Latin word *scientia*, which means ‘knowledge’.

Science is based on observation, testing, and reasoning. When scientists notice something interesting, they form a hypothesis — an idea that can be tested. Through experiments, they collect data to see whether their idea is right or wrong. This process is called the scientific method. It helps make sure discoveries are based on facts, not just opinions. For example, if someone wonders why plants grow toward light, they can design an experiment to test it and find out the reason.

There are many different branches of science. physics studies energy and motion, like how a ball falls or how electricity flows. chemistry explores substances and how they change, such as when water boils or metal rusts. biology focuses on living things — from tiny bacteria to animals and humans. earth science looks at the planet’s land, oceans, and weather, while astronomy studies the stars, planets, and galaxies in space. All these branches connect to help us understand the universe better.

Science has led to important discoveries and inventions that have changed how people live. The discovery of germs helped doctors prevent disease. electricity and machines made work faster and easier. Rockets, computers, and medicine all come from scientific study. Even simple tools like thermometers or microscopes are products of science that help us measure and explore the world more clearly.

Science is always growing because each discovery leads to new questions. Scientists share their findings so others can test and improve them. This teamwork makes science strong and reliable. Sometimes ideas change when new evidence appears — for example, when people learned that the Earth moves around the sun, not the other way around. Changing ideas is a sign of progress, not failure.

In everyday life, science helps us make smart choices — from understanding weather forecasts to using clean energy and protecting nature. It teaches curiosity, critical thinking, and respect for evidence. Science shows that by asking questions and searching for truth, people can better understand the world and make it a better place for everyone.