Luxembourg

Luxembourg is a tiny country tucked between Belgium, France, and Germany. It sits on a rocky plateau and the Ardennes hills, where rivers such as the Alzette, Sûre, and Moselle cut deep valleys filled with vineyards, pastures, and forest paths. The capital, Luxembourg City, rises on cliffs protected by ancient walls, while bridges connect modern districts full of museums, tram lines, and parks.

The grand duchy uses three official languages—Luxembourgish, French, and German—and local schools teach children to switch between them during the day. A constitutional grand duke serves as head of state, and a prime minister leads the elected government that meets in the Chamber of Deputies. Communes manage village roads, recycling centers, and sports halls, and each council must protect nearby streams and woodlands.

Luxembourg's history includes Celtic tribes, Roman roads, and medieval fortresses that guarded trade routes. The country stayed neutral for many years, but both world wars brought occupation and rebuilding. After World War II, Luxembourg helped found the European Union and NATO, and today European Court of Justice hearings and new technology offices take place there.

Services such as banking, satellite companies, and secure data centers drive the economy. Trains and cycleways carry commuters from France, Belgium, and Germany each morning, and farmers still raise dairy cows, barley, and wine grapes in the Moselle Valley. The government invests in light-rail projects, space science, and cross-border bus lines so workers can share clean, reliable transport.

Culture mixes folk festivals and global arts. Towns host Schueberfouer fair rides, Christmas markets, and concerts, while castles like Vianden and Clervaux preserve manuscripts and photography. Kids grow up hearing tales about the red lion on the flag and tasting comforting dishes such as Judd mat Gaardebounen, potato pancakes, and fresh apple tart. Every summer, hikers follow the Mullerthal Trail through sandstone arches, and every spring, schools celebrate Europe Day with songs and plays.